I am working on Visual Studio 2015 professional. I have installed TypeScript using npm. TypeScript 2.0.3 installed. Then i tried to add a TypeScript file using Right Click on a
Try to install TypeScript for Visual Studio 2015 plugin if not already installed.
If that doesn't help, there's a thread on the msdn forums that instruct to reinstall the templates with devenv.exe /InstallVSTemplates command.
devenv.exe /InstallVSTemplates
Hopefully this helps.