Maximum slope for a given interval each day

Question

I have a set of time series data with ground surface temperatures measured every 10 minutes over multiple days (actually 2 years of data) from three different locations. What I

Answer 1

You can use xts timeseries package which is very good for timeseries analysis. Combined with TTR package, you can get what you want quite easily.

require(xts)
require(TTR)
dat <- read.csv("https://gist.github.com/natemiller/42eaf45747f31a6ccf9a/raw/916443cfb353d82e8af6cdebdd80b2e956317b24/sampleTempData.csv")

dat.xts <- .xts(x = dat$Temp, index = as.POSIXct(strptime(dat$Date, format = "%m/%d/%y %H:%M")))
names(dat.xts) <- "Temp"
head(dat.xts)
##                     Temp
## 2011-04-11 03:48:00  9.5
## 2011-04-11 03:58:00  9.5
## 2011-04-11 04:08:00  9.5
## 2011-04-11 04:18:00  9.5
## 2011-04-11 04:28:00  9.5
## 2011-04-11 04:38:00  9.5


dat.xts$ROC <- ROC(dat.xts, n = 6)
head(dat.xts, 10)
##                     Temp ROC
## 2011-04-11 03:48:00  9.5  NA
## 2011-04-11 03:58:00  9.5  NA
## 2011-04-11 04:08:00  9.5  NA
## 2011-04-11 04:18:00  9.5  NA
## 2011-04-11 04:28:00  9.5  NA
## 2011-04-11 04:38:00  9.5  NA
## 2011-04-11 04:48:00  9.5   0
## 2011-04-11 04:58:00  9.5   0
## 2011-04-11 05:08:00  9.5   0
## 2011-04-11 05:18:00  9.5   0

dat.xts[which.max(dat.xts$ROC), ]
##                     Temp       ROC
## 2011-04-12 09:48:00 14.5 0.5340825


# If you want to do analysis on per day basis.
dat.xts <- .xts(x = dat$Temp, index = as.POSIXct(strptime(dat$Date, format = "%m/%d/%y %H:%M")))
names(dat.xts) <- "Temp"
head(dat.xts)
##                     Temp
## 2011-04-11 03:48:00  9.5
## 2011-04-11 03:58:00  9.5
## 2011-04-11 04:08:00  9.5
## 2011-04-11 04:18:00  9.5
## 2011-04-11 04:28:00  9.5
## 2011-04-11 04:38:00  9.5


ll <- split.xts(dat.xts, f = "days")


ll <- lapply(ll, FUN = function(x) {
    x$ROC <- ROC(x, 6)
    return(x)
})

max.ll <- lapply(ll, function(x) x[which.max(x$ROC), ])

max.ll
## [[1]]
##                     Temp       ROC
## 2011-04-11 13:38:00 20.5 0.4946962
## 
## [[2]]
##                     Temp       ROC
## 2011-04-12 09:48:00 14.5 0.5340825
## 
## [[3]]
##                     Temp       ROC
## 2011-04-13 10:18:00 15.5 0.4382549
## 
## [[4]]
##                     Temp       ROC
## 2011-04-14 10:38:00 14.5 0.3715636