I have a CSS selector as follows:
#foo input[type=number].form-control, #foo input[type=text].form-control
No, I'm afraid there isn't. While there are no proposals for enumerated values in attribute selectors like the one in your example, Selectors 4's :matches() will at least allow you to OR two attribute selectors in a single compound selector:
#foo input:matches([type=number], [type=text]).form-control
That said, you will probably have to stick with the current, verbose syntax for the foreseeable future, until browsers start implementing :matches()
.