I am trying to extract this text \"NL dd ABNA ffffdffffdffffd\" from string:
IBAN NL 91ABNA0417463300 IBAN NL91ABNA0417164300 Iban: NL 69 ABNA 402032566
The problem in your regex101 demo is, there is an extra character in your regex after $ so remove that and change 0 to [0 ] and this fixes all and starts matching your third line too. The correct regex becomes,
$
0
[0 ]
NL\s?\d{2}\s?[A-Z]{4}[0 ]\s?\d{9}$
Check your updated demo