I am in the midst of migrating our app based on QT4.X to QT5. Phonon support has been removed in QT5, so I have changed my code that plays a wave file to use QSound.
Also note that Qt has several different sound playback APIs. For small file playback with lower latency I found this to be much faster:
http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qsoundeffect.html#details