Making a value type behave as a reference type using Expression>

Question

We know that int is a value type and so the following makes sense:

int x = 3;
int y = x;
y = 5;
Console.WriteLine(x); //says 3. 

Now, here is a

Answer 1

Here is a full solution:

// Credits to digEmAll for the following code
public delegate void Setter(T newValue);
public delegate T Getter();
public class MagicPointer
{
    private Getter getter;
    private Setter setter;

    public T Value
    {
        get { return getter(); }
        set { setter(value); }
    }

    public MagicPointer(Getter getter, Setter setter)
    {
        this.getter = getter;
        this.setter = setter;
    }
}

// Code starting from here is mine
public static class MagicUtilClass
{
    public static MagicPointer LinkVariable(Expression> expression)
    {
        var memberExpr = expression.Body as MemberExpression;
        if (memberExpr == null)
            throw new InvalidOperationException("The body of the expression is expected to be a member-access expression.");
        var field = memberExpr.Member as FieldInfo;
        if (field == null)
            throw new InvalidOperationException("The body of the expression is expected to be a member-access expression that accesses a field.");
        var constant = memberExpr.Expression as ConstantExpression;
        if (constant == null)
            throw new InvalidOperationException("The body of the expression is expected to be a member-access expression that accesses a field on a constant expression.");
        return new MagicPointer(() => (T) field.GetValue(constant.Value),
                                   x => field.SetValue(constant.Value, x));
    }
}

Usage:

int x = 47;
var magic = MagicUtilClass.LinkVariable(() => x);
magic.Value = 48;
Console.WriteLine(x);  // Outputs 48

To understand why this solution works, you need to know that the compiler transforms your code quite considerably whenever you use a variable inside a lambda expression (irrespective of whether that lambda expression becomes a delegate or an expression tree). It actually generates a new class containing a field. The variable x is removed and replaced with that field. The Usage example will then look something like this:

CompilerGeneratedClass1 locals = new CompilerGeneratedClass1();
locals.x = 47;
var magic = MagicUtilClass.LinkVariable(() => locals.x);
// etc.

The “field” that the code retrieves is the field containing x, and the “constant” that it retrieves is the locals instance.