On Android, the ANDROID_ID is constant for a user profile on a device (see discussion here). This does not appear to be the case on ARC, but ARC is very new and hopefully t
In my experience - using ARC runtime 42.4410.288.23 on Chrome 41.0.2272.118 m (stable) on Windows - a new ANDROID_ID is generated for every app install.
So, for example, if you uninstall your app and then re-install it, it will see a new ANDROID_ID.
I should test this on a Chromebook, since that is the only platform supported for deployment at this time, but I don't have a Chromebook available.