Define new function, array, struct etc inside of parameter of function call [duplicate]

Answer 1

Java and C are different languages with different idioms.

If it were me, I'd refrain from trying [too hard] to coerce C into "Java-like". Embrace each language on its own merits.

For your first example, the "ugly" one, you could use a CPP [C preprocessor] macro--a concept that does not exist in Java:

#define FOO(_av...) \
    do { \
        char *myArr[] = { _av, NULL }; \
        foo(myArr); \
    } while (0)

FOO("hello", "my", "friend");

But, this would probably be regarded by many as "too cute". Better to create a table of some sort.

Whenever Java does a new it is doing a heap allocation [which is slow]. That's partly because everything has to be "on the heap", more or less.

C can do this with malloc, but a good C programmer will try to avoid unnecessary heap allocations because it has globals, statics, and function scoped variables.