Twilio limits long code SMS to 1/sec. To improve my throughput, I split my batch into 5 phone numbers. I\'ve found each HTTP POST to the Twilio API takes about 0.5 seconds.
Here's a more modern answer. Twilio now supports Messaging Services. It basically lets you create a service that can group multiple outbound phone numbers together. So, when you fire off requests for a text to be sent, it can use ALL the numbers in the message group to perform the sending. This effectively overcomes the 1 text per second limit.
Messaging services also comes with Copilot. It adds several features such as "sticky sender". This ensures the same end user always gets texts from the same number in the pool instead of getting a text from different numbers.