It is currenly impossible to use wildcard masks to select elements by an attribute-name part.
There is a recent thread in the www-style@w3.org mailing list, where Simon Pieters from Opera has proposed a nice possible syntax that has got some acceptance in the thread, so there is a chance that it will become standard somewhen in the future:
x-admin-* { ... }
[data-my-*] { ... }