exec doesn't pick up variables from closure

Question

I\'m a little curious why the following code raises a NameError.

>>> s = \"\"\"
... foo = [1,2,3]
... def bar():
...    return foo[1]
.         


        

Answer 1

It turns out that the answer was there all along in the docs:

If two separate objects are given as globals and locals, the code will be executed as if it were embedded in a class definition.

Since I'm passing in both globals and locals, it executes as if it were in a class.

class Foo(object):
    foo = [1,2,3]
    @staticmethod
    def bar():
       return foo[1]

not surprisingly doesn't work either :).

For anyone interested in a workaround, you can inject namespace back into namespace['bar'].func_globals¹ (inspired by this):

>>> namespace['bar'].func_globals.update(namespace)
>>> namespace['bar']()
2

Nice.

^{1It would be namespace['bar'].__globals__.update on python3.x}