You can enforce a unique constraint on compound indexes, and you can do this in Mongoose using the index() method of the schema, which defines indexes at the schema level:
var testSchema = db.Schema({
"one": { "type": String, "required": true },
"two": { "type": String, "required": true }
}, { "strict": false });
testSchema.index({ "one": 1, "two": 1}, { "unique": true });
var Test = db.model("Test", testSchema );