What Standard Calls are Actually Macros

Question

I asked a question here about assert which is implemented in the standard as a macro, not a function.

This had caused me an issue because the way that assert

Answer 1

If we look at [headers] paragraphs 5 and 6 we have

Names which are defined as macros in C shall be defined as macros in the C++ standard library, even if C grants license for implementation as functions. [ Note: The names defined as macros in C include the following: assert, offsetof, setjmp, va_arg, va_end, and va_start. —end note ]

Names that are defined as functions in C shall be defined as functions in the C++ standard library.

So, if it is defined as a macro in C, it will be a macro in C++. There are a couple of exceptions though. from [support.runtime] paragraphs 7 and 8

The header and the header shall not define a macro named alignas.

The header and the header shall not define macros named bool, true, or false.

Although that those exceptions are covered by [headers]/7 as well

Identifiers that are keywords or operators in C++ shall not be defined as macros in C++ standard library headers.

There is also an exception that all classification macros defined in 7.12.3 Classification macros be overloaded by functions per [c.math]/10

The classification/comparison functions behave the same as the C macros with the corresponding names defined in 7.12.3, Classification macros, and 7.12.14, Comparison macros in the C Standard. Each function is overloaded for the three floating-point types, as follows:

int fpclassify(float x);
bool isfinite(float x);
bool isinf(float x);
bool isnan(float x);
bool isnormal(float x);
bool signbit(float x);
bool isgreater(float x, float y);
bool isgreaterequal(float x, float y);
bool isless(float x, float y);
bool islessequal(float x, float y);
bool islessgreater(float x, float y);
bool isunordered(float x, float y);
int fpclassify(double x);
bool isfinite(double x);
bool isinf(double x);
bool isnan(double x);
bool isnormal(double x);
bool signbit(double x);
bool isgreater(double x, double y);
bool isgreaterequal(double x, double y);
bool isless(double x, double y);
bool islessequal(double x, double y);
bool islessgreater(double x, double y);
bool isunordered(double x, double y);
int fpclassify(long double x);
bool isfinite(long double x);
bool isinf(long double x);
bool isnan(long double x);
bool isnormal(long double x);
bool signbit(long double x);
bool isgreater(long double x, long double y);
bool isgreaterequal(long double x, long double y);
bool isless(long double x, long double y);
bool islessequal(long double x, long double y);
bool islessgreater(long double x, long double y);
bool isunordered(long double x, long double y);