If I get some C++ code built by, lets say, GCC 4.8 on Ubuntu, the code has no GUI/interface, only call standard Linux libraries, then can the binary run on RHEL 5/6, with mu
The issue is probably more Glibc than libstdc++ (which you can indeed link statically) or GCC itself.
libstdc++
You could use an alternative Libc, such as MUSL libc (which is supposed to be more friendly with static linking)
Also, there might be some kernel dependencies.