How does extern work in c++?

Question

This is from the :

namespace std 
{
  extern istream cin;       ///< Linked to standard input
  extern ostream cout;  
...
         


        

Answer 1

extern is used to refer to a variable defined in a different compilation unit (for now, you can think of a compilation unit as a .cpp file). The statements in your example declare rather than define cin and cout. It is telling the compiler that the definition of these objects is found in another compilation unit (where they are not declared as extern).