I am searching for a possibility to disable all keyboard keys in a textarea. I found some examples on the web to disable some single ones but how can I disable the whole key
You can disable the textarea using the disabled attribute. Or you can make it read only using the readonly attribute. readonly is like disabled except it doesn't prevent the user from clicking or selecting in the textarea.
And if you really need to do it with javascript something like this will do it (using jQuery):
$("textarea").keydown(false);
You can try it here: http://jsfiddle.net/7n4G4/1/