The Setting:
The program in question tries to post form data via an AJAX call to a target procedure contained in the same package as the caller. This is
First port of call would be to fire up Fiddler and analyze the data going to and from the browser.
Take a look at the headers, the url actually being called and the params (if any) being passed to the AJAX method and see if it all looks good before getting to the server.
If that all looks ok, is there any way you can verify it's actually hitting the server via logging, or tracing in the AJAX method?
ed: another thing I would try is rig up a test page to call the AJAX method on the server using a non-ajax based call and analyze the traffic in fiddler and compare the two.