In Ruby 1.9 (YARV) you can get a count of all currently allocated objects like so:
ObjectSpace.count_objects
which returns a hash like
You can get more information about the T_DATA category by calling ObjectSpace.count_tdata_objects (described here).
T_DATA
ObjectSpace.count_tdata_objects
I believe that these are native objects controlled by the VM. Sometimes native extensions can allocate them, as well.