In JavaScript ES6 we can create objects where variable names become keys like this:
> let a = \'aaa\'
\'aaa\'
> let b = \'bbb\'
\'bbb\'
> { a, b }
Short answer no.
Longer answer
Shugo Maeda proposed a patch for this in 2015 (you can read the details about this here: https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/11105).
At the time Matz wasn't into the idea, but might be willing to change his mind in the future.
In the mean time - you can make use of Shugo's patch and patch your own version of Ruby to have ES6 hash literals yourself!
To patch Ruby to add the hashes do the following:
1) Download the patch from here https://gist.github.com/thechrisoshow/1bb5708933d71e0e66a29c03cd31dcc3 (currently works with Ruby 2.5.0)
2) Use RVM to install a patched version of this Ruby. i.e.
rvm install 2.5.0 -n imphash --patch imphash.patch
Then you can use RVM to select the patched version of Ruby:
rvm use 2.5.0-imphash
(Imphash is short for implicit hash)