I have been looking for a way to open a file saved to my computer via a Delphi app with its appropriate application. The file is stored in a Varbinary field in a SQL databas
Trying to detect that the displaying process has closed is brittle and fraught with problems, as you learnt in your previous question. Often times, it's hard to find the process that is used to view the file, and even if you can, there's no certainty the closing the view of the file will close the process. The process may be used to view other files which the user leaves open. I think the lesson that you should take from that is that the system does not want you to do what you are trying to do.
So, what's the better way to solve the problem? I think the best you can do is to create the temporary files in the temporary directory and not attempt to delete them when the user has finished with them. You could:
You get the idea. The point is that it is an intractable problem to detect when the viewer has finished with the file, in full generality. So you need to think creatively. Find a different way around the road block.