Why does the following exception thrown from the constructor of class A get caught twice, first by the catch within the constructor itself and second time by the catch in th
Function-try-blocks in a constructor cannot prevent exceptions. Once an exception occurs in a constructor, you have no object, and the exception must propagate. The only thing the function-try-block can do is some local clean-up.
Constructors are indeed a very special animal with regards to function-try-blocks.
Cf. C++11 15.3/14:
The currently handled exception is rethrown if control reaches the end of a handler of the function-try-block of a constructor or destructor.
Tl;dr: Do not use function-try-blocks, ever.