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Java applets are written using the Java programming language. JavaServer Pages (JSP) are programmed using a mixture of "scriptlet elements" (Java code) and "markup" (usually HTML or XML) to serve data-driven ("dynamic") web pages.
Java is a high-level programming language.
Java is used to write applications for a variety of systems, including NASA vehicles for the exploration of Mars, business-oriented applications and data-driven web pages.
Java can be compared to programming languages such as Microsoft's C# (modeled after Java) or Objective-C (an object-oriented extension to C) due to the fact that programs written in Java, C# and Objective-C generally depend on a Virtual Machine installed on top of the operating system to execute.
JavaServer Pages are the Java community's answer to PHP and Microsoft's ASP.