Hello I have read many posts about this, and while it works its not complete.
For example; Attribute 1= shoesize and attribute 2 = shoe color. Both are in a dropdown
Here is the code get attribute name and value that that doesn't belongs to any product
$attributeCode = 'YOUR_ATTRIBUTE_CODE';
$product = Mage::getModel('catalog/product');
$productCollection = Mage::getResourceModel('eav/entity_attribute_collection')
->setEntityTypeFilter($product->getResource()->getTypeId())
->addFieldToFilter('attribute_code', $attributeCode);
$attribute = $productCollection->getFirstItem()->setEntity($product->getResource());
print_r($attribute->getData()); // print out the available attributes
$options = $attribute->getSource()->getAllOptions(false);
print_r($options); // print out attribute options