I create a simple pandas dataframe with some random values and a DatetimeIndex like so:
import pandas as pd
from numpy.random import randint
import datetime
With matplotlib 1.5.0 this 'just works':
import pandas as pd
from numpy.random import randint
import datetime as dt
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# create a random dataframe with datetimeindex
dateRange = pd.date_range('1/1/2011', '3/30/2011', freq='D')
randomInts = randint(1, 50, len(dateRange))
df = pd.DataFrame({'RandomValues' : randomInts}, index=dateRange)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot('RandomValues', data=df)