Wolfram Alpha has the data you desire
Examples:
- http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=msft+earnings
- http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=aapl+earnings+2001
- http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=ko+price+1983
I have not used it, but I see they provide a free API with an option to upgrade if you exceed their monthly limits.