I duplicated a working laravel app and renamed it to use for another app. I deleted the vendor folder and run the following commands again:
composer self-up
I solved the problem when I created framework folder inside storage folder and its subfolders sessions, views and cache.
Go to your cmd or terminal then type your project root path and after that type the following:
cd storage
mkdir framework
cd framework
mkdir sessions
mkdir views
mkdir cache
Go to your project root path back again and run composer update
After that artisan works perfectly.