With JPA, DDL-generation for the attribute:
@Column final String someString;
will be someString varchar(255) null
someString varchar(255) null
Since length is defined in the JPA spec and javadocs as int type and max is not an int then it's safe to assume that you're consigned to the columnDefinition datastore-dependent route. But then varchar(max) is datastore-dependent anyway.
length
int
max
columnDefinition
varchar(max)