Page one contains an HTML form. Page two - the code that handles the submitted data.
The form in page one gets submitted. The browser gets redirected to page two. P
The only way to be 100% sure the same form never gets submitted twice is to embed a unique identifier in each one you issue and track which ones have been submitted at the server. The pitfall there is that if the user backs up to the page where the form was and enters new data, the same form won't work.