Is there a way to directly access an inner-array of an an outer array in Objective-C? For example, a call to an external data source returns the following object:
For nested keys like that you can use a keyPath. A keyPath is just a series of keys joined with dots. You can use them to retrieve nested values from objects that support Key-Value Coding - including NSDictionary objects like yours. So in your case this should work:
[result valueForKeyPath:@"location.name"];
For more detail on Key-Value Coding, see Apple's Key-Value Coding Programming Guide.
See also this related StackOverflow question.