I came across some Java code that had the following structure:
public MyParameterizedFunction(String param1, int param2)
{
this(param1, param2, false);
}
No, the structure you found is how Java handles it (that is, with overloading instead of default parameters).
For constructors, See Effective Java: Programming Language Guide's Item 1 tip (Consider static factory methods instead of constructors) if the overloading is getting complicated. For other methods, renaming some cases or using a parameter object can help. This is when you have enough complexity that differentiating is difficult. A definite case is where you have to differentiate using the order of parameters, not just number and type.