If a TCP payload gets corrupted in transit the recomputed checksum won\'t match the transmitted checksum. Great, all fine so far.
If a TCP checksum gets corrupted in
I would imagine the probability is one in a billion million zillion kajillion, because if the TCP data is corrupted, which is the transport layer, it will also mean the other layers (datalink and network) will also be corrupted. I believe at least the datalink layer has a checksum for integrity, so you'd have to have both checksums fail.
Corrupting in such a way that at least two separate checksums fail, is astronomically unlikely, maybe even impossible.