I have a program working in the Android Emulator. Every now and again I have been creating a signed .apk and exporting it to my HTC Desire to test. It has all been fine.
If application's not installing, delete the file .android_secure/smdl2tmpl.asec from the SD card.
.android_secure/smdl2tmpl.asec
If the folder .android_secure is empty in the file manager, delete it from the PC.
.android_secure