The standard library doesn't include a direct equivalent, but it's a fairly easy one to write. Being C++, you don't normally want to write specifically to an array though -- rather, you'd typically want to write the output to an iterator, so it can go to an array, vector, stream, etc. That would give something on this general order:
template
void explode(std::string const &input, char sep, OutIt output) {
std::istringstream buffer(input);
std::string temp;
while (std::getline(buffer, temp, sep))
*output++ = temp;
}