Which commit has this blob?

Question

Given the hash of a blob, is there a way to get a list of commits that have this blob in their tree?

Answer 1

So... I needed to find all files over a given limit in a repo over 8GB in size, with over 108,000 revisions. I adapted Aristotle's perl script along with a ruby script I wrote to reach this complete solution.

First, git gc - do this to ensure all objects are in packfiles - we don't scan objects not in pack files.

Next Run this script to locate all blobs over CUTOFF_SIZE bytes. Capture output to a file like "large-blobs.log"

#!/usr/bin/env ruby

require 'log4r'

# The output of git verify-pack -v is:
# SHA1 type size size-in-packfile offset-in-packfile depth base-SHA1
#
#
GIT_PACKS_RELATIVE_PATH=File.join('.git', 'objects', 'pack', '*.pack')

# 10MB cutoff
CUTOFF_SIZE=1024*1024*10
#CUTOFF_SIZE=1024

begin

  include Log4r
  log = Logger.new 'git-find-large-objects'
  log.level = INFO
  log.outputters = Outputter.stdout

  git_dir = %x[ git rev-parse --show-toplevel ].chomp

  if git_dir.empty?
    log.fatal "ERROR: must be run in a git repository"
    exit 1
  end

  log.debug "Git Dir: '#{git_dir}'"

  pack_files = Dir[File.join(git_dir, GIT_PACKS_RELATIVE_PATH)]
  log.debug "Git Packs: #{pack_files.to_s}"

  # For details on this IO, see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1154846/continuously-read-from-stdout-of-external-process-in-ruby
  #
  # Short version is, git verify-pack flushes buffers only on line endings, so
  # this works, if it didn't, then we could get partial lines and be sad.

  types = {
    :blob => 1,
    :tree => 1,
    :commit => 1,
  }


  total_count = 0
  counted_objects = 0
  large_objects = []

  IO.popen("git verify-pack -v -- #{pack_files.join(" ")}") do |pipe|
    pipe.each do |line|
      # The output of git verify-pack -v is:
      # SHA1 type size size-in-packfile offset-in-packfile depth base-SHA1
      data = line.chomp.split(' ')
      # types are blob, tree, or commit
      # we ignore other lines by looking for that
      next unless types[data[1].to_sym] == 1
      log.info "INPUT_THREAD: Processing object #{data[0]} type #{data[1]} size #{data[2]}"
      hash = {
        :sha1 => data[0],
        :type => data[1],
        :size => data[2].to_i,
      }
      total_count += hash[:size]
      counted_objects += 1
      if hash[:size] > CUTOFF_SIZE
        large_objects.push hash
      end
    end
  end

  log.info "Input complete"

  log.info "Counted #{counted_objects} totalling #{total_count} bytes."

  log.info "Sorting"

  large_objects.sort! { |a,b| b[:size] <=> a[:size] }

  log.info "Sorting complete"

  large_objects.each do |obj|
    log.info "#{obj[:sha1]} #{obj[:type]} #{obj[:size]}"
  end

  exit 0
end

Next, edit the file to remove any blobs you don't wait and the INPUT_THREAD bits at the top. once you have only lines for the sha1s you want to find, run the following script like this:

cat edited-large-files.log | cut -d' ' -f4 | xargs git-find-blob | tee large-file-paths.log

Where the git-find-blob script is below.

#!/usr/bin/perl

# taken from: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/223678/which-commit-has-this-blob
# and modified by Carl Myers  to scan multiple blobs at once
# Also, modified to keep the discovered filenames
# vi: ft=perl

use 5.008;
use strict;
use Memoize;
use Data::Dumper;


my $BLOBS = {};

MAIN: {

    memoize 'check_tree';

    die "usage: git-find-blob   ... -- []\n"
        if not @ARGV;


    while ( @ARGV && $ARGV[0] ne '--' ) {
        my $arg = $ARGV[0];
        #print "Processing argument $arg\n";
        open my $rev_parse, '-|', git => 'rev-parse' => '--verify', $arg or die "Couldn't open pipe to git-rev-parse: $!\n";
        my $obj_name = <$rev_parse>;
        close $rev_parse or die "Couldn't expand passed blob.\n";
        chomp $obj_name;
        #$obj_name eq $ARGV[0] or print "($ARGV[0] expands to $obj_name)\n";
        print "($arg expands to $obj_name)\n";
        $BLOBS->{$obj_name} = $arg;
        shift @ARGV;
    }
    shift @ARGV; # drop the -- if present

    #print "BLOBS: " . Dumper($BLOBS) . "\n";

    foreach my $blob ( keys %{$BLOBS} ) {
        #print "Printing results for blob $blob:\n";

        open my $log, '-|', git => log => @ARGV, '--pretty=format:%T %h %s'
            or die "Couldn't open pipe to git-log: $!\n";

        while ( <$log> ) {
            chomp;
            my ( $tree, $commit, $subject ) = split " ", $_, 3;
            #print "Checking tree $tree\n";
            my $results = check_tree( $tree );

            #print "RESULTS: " . Dumper($results);
            if (%{$results}) {
                print "$commit $subject\n";
                foreach my $blob ( keys %{$results} ) {
                    print "\t" . (join ", ", @{$results->{$blob}}) . "\n";
                }
            }
        }
    }

}


sub check_tree {
    my ( $tree ) = @_;
    #print "Calculating hits for tree $tree\n";

    my @subtree;

    # results = { BLOB => [ FILENAME1 ] }
    my $results = {};
    {
        open my $ls_tree, '-|', git => 'ls-tree' => $tree
            or die "Couldn't open pipe to git-ls-tree: $!\n";

        # example git ls-tree output:
        # 100644 blob 15d408e386400ee58e8695417fbe0f858f3ed424    filaname.txt
        while ( <$ls_tree> ) {
            /\A[0-7]{6} (\S+) (\S+)\s+(.*)/
                or die "unexpected git-ls-tree output";
            #print "Scanning line '$_' tree $2 file $3\n";
            foreach my $blob ( keys %{$BLOBS} ) {
                if ( $2 eq $blob ) {
                    print "Found $blob in $tree:$3\n";
                    push @{$results->{$blob}}, $3;
                }
            }
            push @subtree, [$2, $3] if $1 eq 'tree';
        }
    }

    foreach my $st ( @subtree ) {
        # $st->[0] is tree, $st->[1] is dirname
        my $st_result = check_tree( $st->[0] );
        foreach my $blob ( keys %{$st_result} ) {
            foreach my $filename ( @{$st_result->{$blob}} ) {
                my $path = $st->[1] . '/' . $filename;
                #print "Generating subdir path $path\n";
                push @{$results->{$blob}}, $path;
            }
        }
    }

    #print "Returning results for tree $tree: " . Dumper($results) . "\n\n";
    return $results;
}

The output will look like this:

 
    path/to/file.txt
    path/to/file2.txt
    ...
 

And so on. Every commit which contains a large file in its tree will be listed. if you grep out the lines that start with a tab, and uniq that, you will have a list of all paths you can filter-branch to remove, or you can do something more complicated.

Let me reiterate: this process ran successfully, on a 10GB repo with 108,000 commits. It took much longer than I predicted when running on a large number of blobs though, over 10 hours, I will have to see if the memorize bit is working...