What is the difference between statically typed and dynamically typed languages?

Question

I hear a lot that new programming languages are dynamically typed but what does it actually mean when we say a language is dynamically typed vs. statically typed?

Answer 1

Static Typing: The languages such as Java and Scala are static typed.

The variables have to be defined and initialized before they are used in a code.

for ex. int x; x = 10;

System.out.println(x);

Dynamic Typing: Perl is an dynamic typed language.

Variables need not be initialized before they are used in code.

y=10; use this variable in the later part of code