Uses for Optional

Question

Having been using Java 8 now for 6+ months or so, I\'m pretty happy with the new API changes. One area I\'m still not confident in is when to use Optional. I se

Answer 1

1 - As a public method return type when the method could return null:

Here is a good article that shows usefulness of usecase #1. There this code

...
if (user != null) {
    Address address = user.getAddress();
    if (address != null) {
        Country country = address.getCountry();
        if (country != null) {
            String isocode = country.getIsocode();
            isocode = isocode.toUpperCase();
        }
    }
}
...

is transformed to this

String result = Optional.ofNullable(user)
  .flatMap(User::getAddress)
  .flatMap(Address::getCountry)
  .map(Country::getIsocode)
  .orElse("default");

by using Optional as a return value of respective getter methods.