Does java have MVC?
Java has different frameworks like Struts2, Spring MVC
what about JSP?
JSP is template library. There are few alternatives you may try like FreeMarker and Velocity. AFAIK Freemarker is a emerging as good template library. Its lightweight than JSP. Check this FreeMarker: An open alternative to JSP - JavaWorld
can MVC and JSP be together?
I take MVC as a framework mentioned previously. All frameworks have support for JSP but you need to check support for other template libraries in respective frameworks documentation. AFAIK Struts2 to has a very good support for Freemarker.
beans?
I do not know much about it. But using beans we can directly map form data to databases.
Maybe a book that covers all of these?
Each framework has its own book. For Struts2 - Struts 2 in Action
String MVC - Take a look at these questions recommending books for Spring and Spring MVC. Book suggestion for Spring framework and Spring Books: Which one to choose
Fremarker has a very good documentation - FreeMarker Manual
For getting started to web development in Java -
http://www.amazon.com/SCWCD-Exam-Study-Kit-Certification/dp/1930110596