Is R's apply family more than syntactic sugar?

Question

...regarding execution time and / or memory.

If this is not true, prove it with a code snippet. Note that speedup by vectorization does not count. The speedup must c

Answer 1

...and as I just wrote elsewhere, vapply is your friend! ...it's like sapply, but you also specify the return value type which makes it much faster.

foo <- function(x) x+1
y <- numeric(1e6)

system.time({z <- numeric(1e6); for(i in y) z[i] <- foo(i)})
#   user  system elapsed 
#   3.54    0.00    3.53 
system.time(z <- lapply(y, foo))
#   user  system elapsed 
#   2.89    0.00    2.91 
system.time(z <- vapply(y, foo, numeric(1)))
#   user  system elapsed 
#   1.35    0.00    1.36 

Jan. 1, 2020 update:

system.time({z1 <- numeric(1e6); for(i in seq_along(y)) z1[i] <- foo(y[i])})
#   user  system elapsed 
#   0.52    0.00    0.53 
system.time(z <- lapply(y, foo))
#   user  system elapsed 
#   0.72    0.00    0.72 
system.time(z3 <- vapply(y, foo, numeric(1)))
#   user  system elapsed 
#    0.7     0.0     0.7 
identical(z1, z3)
# [1] TRUE