Is it browser dependent? Also, do different web stacks have different limits on how much data they can get from the request?
Although officially there is no limit specified by RFC 2616, many security protocols and recommendations state that maxQueryStrings on a server should be set to a maximum character limit of 1024. While the entire URL, including the querystring, should be set to a max of 2048 characters. This is to prevent the Slow HTTP Request DDOS vulnerability on a web server. This typically shows up as a vulnerability on the Qualys Web Application Scanner and other security scanners.
Please see the below example code for Windows IIS Servers with Web.config:
This would also work on a server level using machine.config.
Note: Limiting query string and URL length may not completely prevent Slow HTTP Requests DDOS attack but it is one step you can take to prevent it.