In the Bootstrap documentation page, the tooltip has a signature of:
hover over me
After reading some GitHub issue pages, I think I have come to the following conclusion (which is my best guess).
Originally, in older versions of Bootstrap, the tooltip signature was:
hover over me
...
hover over me again!
And developers could do:
$(document).ready(function(){
$('[rel="tooltip"]').tooltip();
});
To activate all tooltips at once (since each tooltip requires an initialization to work). In other words, it was just a convenient way to identify all the tooltips so that you can use jQuery to activate all of them.
But rel="tooltip" did not validate against HTML5, so folks started suggesting using data-toggle="tooltip" because Bootstrap already uses data-toggle for other components and data-* is valid in HTML5.
Thus, my guess is that there is no special semantic meaning or purpose for data-toggle="tooltip" other than to provide a convenient way to identity all tooltips.
Note that you could also identify the tooltips using ID or class, but why not activate all tooltips at once (rhetorical question)?