If I want to reference a span of rows I can do something like A1:A100. If I want to lock the column/row I can use $; $A1:$A100.
A1:A100
$
$A1:$A100
Is
To reference an entire column you can use, for example:
Sum(A:A)
So I guess the syntax you are looking for is A:A
A:A
Equally, if you want to use every piece of data in a column excluding the first, lets say 2, rows you can use A3:A (in google sheets only)
A3:A