Writing shorter code/algorithms, is more efficient (performance)?

Question

After coming across the code golf trivia around the site it is obvious people try to find ways to write code and algorithms as short as the possibly can in terms of characters,

Answer 1

A lot of good answers already about what's important versus what's not. In real life, (almost) nobody writes code like code golf, wtih shortened identifiers, minimal whitespace, and the fewest possible statements.

That said, "more code" does correlate with more bugs and complexity, and "less code" tends to correlate with better readability and performance. So all other things being equal, it's useful to strive for shorter code, but only in the sense of "these simple 30 lines of code do the same as that 100 complex lines of code".