Find if an SQLException was thrown because of a duplicate

Question

I have a Java program that is agnostic from the database and I need to know, while inserting, if an SQLException was thrown because of a duplicate key.

If I was using a

Answer 1

If you are using spring, set your unique KEY name as UK_user_id for example and catch the DataIntegrityViolationException.
You can then compare ex.getCause().getConstraintName() with UK_user_id.