Why does the range of int has a minus 1?

Question

I read that the range of an int is dependent on a byte.

So taking int to be 4 bytes long, thats 4 * 8 bits = 32 bits.

So the range should be : 2 ^ (32-1) = 2 ^ (

Answer 1

2^32-1 is not same as 2³² - 1 (as 0 is included in the range, we subtract 1)

For your understanding, let us replace by small number 4 instead of 32

2^4-1 = 8 whereas 2⁴-1 = 16-1 = 15.

Hope this helps!