I know that Metro on both platforms shares a common “look and feel” and that WinRt makes use of XAMLand C# (or VB.NET) like Silverlight does on Windows Phone 7.
Howev
Despite certain people in Microsoft claiming it will only require changing a couple of lines of code...
The only possible answer to how difficult it will be to port an app is IT DEPENDS!
The parrallels are that:
beyond that it will depend on the app.
You can't create an app which will run on both. At the very least you'll need to recompile as the 2 platforms will require targetting different versions of the .net framework.
Update:
Microsoft have provided some early stage guidance on making such a port. It includes some namespace and API mappings.