I know that I can fetch any remote branch to any local branch, but is there also some kind of shortcut to fetch just from the tracked remote branch to the current tracking local
Git is a decentralized VCS. Whe you do a fetch, you're synch'ing the two repositories entirely. Branches aren't nothing but labels attached on specific commits. I guess you mean git fetch
which doesn't do any merges or stuff like that to any particular branches.
http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-fetch.html