I know that I can fetch any remote branch to any local branch, but is there also some kind of shortcut to fetch just from the tracked remote branch to the current tracking local
Let's assume that you have origin remote with master, develop branches. You want to sync master but not develop.
You can do the following steps:
git fetch origin git merge origin/master
UPDATE: in case of only branch have to be fetched:
git fetch origin master git merge FETCH_HEAD