How do I know what modules are distributed with Perl?
My first guess is that the core modules listed here are always included, though I cannot find this stated explicitl
If you install Module::CoreList, the command line program corelist
can tell you everything about modules and their versions in different versions of perl. The page you linked to gives an overview for the latest version of perl.
Do note that distributions often provide much more by default than this list, but this list can be assumed to be present everywhere (unless it is explicitly a OS dependent module such as Win32).