I have been reading the Android documentation and I am wondering if anyone can shed some light on what happens to a service instance when a service started with START_STICKY has
When a process is killed and recreated, it goes through the entire lifecycle again (starting at onCreate). Depending on how it was killed and how you save data it may or may not be available to you.
As for getting the intent back, there's a flag for START_REDELIVER_INTENT that will redeliver the intent.