Haskell cartesian product of infinite lists

Question

I want to generate a vectorspace from a basis pair, which looks something like:

genFromPair (e1, e2) = [x*e1 + y*e2 | x <- [0..], y <- [0..]]

Answer 1

You could look at your space as a tree. At the root of the tree one picks the first element and in its child you pick the second element..

Here's your tree defined using the ListTree package:

import Control.Monad.ListT
import Data.List.Class
import Data.List.Tree
import Prelude hiding (scanl)

infiniteTree :: ListT [] Integer
infiniteTree = repeatM [0..]

spacesTree :: ListT [] [Integer]
spacesTree = scanl (\xs x -> xs ++ [x]) [] infiniteTree

twoDimSpaceTree = genericTake 3 spacesTree

It's an infinite tree, but we could enumerate over it for example in DFS order:

ghci> take 10 (dfs twoDimSpaceTree)
[[],[0],[0,0],[0,1],[0,2],[0,3],[0,4],[0,5],[0,6],[0,7]]

The order you want, in tree-speak, is a variant of best-first-search for infinite trees, where one assumes that the children of tree nodes are sorted (you can't compare all the node's children as in normal best-first-search because there are infinitely many of those). Luckily, this variant is already implemented:

ghci> take 10 $ bestFirstSearchSortedChildrenOn sum $ genericTake 3 $ spacesTree
[[],[0],[0,0],[0,1],[1],[1,0],[1,1],[0,2],[2],[2,0]]

You can use any norm you like for your expanding shells, instead of sum above.